"The Barley Mow" is a drinking song from the West Country and Suffolk. It is probably the best-known drinking song in England. It was widely printed and recorded. It is a cumulative song. In each verse the sequence is followed by a reverse recitation (like "The Twelve Days of Christmas").
Mike Yates commented in the liner notes to the anthology It Was on a Market Day—One (2005):
"The Barley Mow" is one of the best-known cumulative songs from the English folk repertoire and was usually sung at harvest suppers, often as a test of sobriety. Alfred Williams, who noted a splendid set in the Wiltshire village of Inglesham some time prior to the Great War, wrote that he was “unable to fix its age, or even to suggest it, though doubtless the piece has existed for several centuries.” Robert Bell found the song being sung in Devon and Cornwall during the middle part of the 19th century, especially after “completing the carrying of the barley, when the rick, or mow, of barley is finished.” Bell’s comment that "the effect of The Barley Mow cannot be given in words; it should be heard, to be appreciated properly" is certainly true, and most singers who know the song pride themselves on being able to get through it without making a mistake.
It is in the Roud Folksong Index as #944.
It was printed in James Henry Dixon’s Ancient Poems, Ballads, and Songs of the Peasantry in England (1846), Chappell's Popular Music of the Olden Time (1855-1859), Peter Kennedy's Folk Songs of Britain and Ireland (1975) and many others.
It was recorded by Cyril Tawney on Down the Hatch (1994), John Roberts and Tony Barrand on Live at Holsteins! (1983), Mellstock Band’ on Songs of Thomas Hardy’s Wessex (1994) and many others.

I learned it at a night of singing and drinking at Sunhearth on one of those nights when Walt Martin invited a bunch of us to get together and sing. I wish I had a recording of that night but we were all too drunk to remember to turn on the tape.